Jean-honoré fragonard family

Jean-Honoré Fragonard

French Rococo painter (–)

Jean-Honoré Fragonard

Self-Portrait, s, black chalk with gray wash

Born()5 April

Grasse, France

Died22 August () (aged&#;74)

Paris, France

Education
French Academy in Rome
Known&#;forPainting, drawing, etching
Notable workThe Swing, A Young Girl Reading, The Bolt
MovementRococo
Spouse
Children2, including Alexandre-Évariste Fragonard
AwardsPrix de Rome

Jean-Honoré Fragonard (French:[ʒɑ̃ɔnɔʁefʁaɡɔnaʁ]; 5 April [1][2] – 22 August ) was a French painter and printmaker whose late Rococo manner was distinguished by remarkable facility, exuberance, and hedonism.

One of the most prolific artists active in the last decades of the Ancien Régime, Fragonard produced more than paintings (not counting drawings and etchings), of which only five are dated. Among his most popular works are genre paintings conveying an atmosphere of intimacy and veiled eroticism.

Biography

Jean-Honoré Fragonard was born in Grasse, Alpes-Maritimes, France the only child of François Fragonard, a glover, and Françoise Petit.[3][4] Fragonard was apprenticed to a Paris notary when his father's circumstances became strained through unsuccessful speculations, but showed such talent and inclination for art that he was taken at the age of eighteen to François Boucher.

Boucher recognized the youth's rare gifts but, disinclined to waste his time with one so inexperienced, sent him to Chardin's atelier. Fragonard studied for a short time with Chardin then returned more fully equipped to Boucher, whose style he soon acquired so completely that the master entrusted him with the execution of replicas of his paintings.

Though not yet a student of the Academy, Fragonard gained the Prix de Rome in with a painting of Jeroboam Sacrificing to Idols, but before proceeding to Rome he continued to study for three years under Charles-André van Loo.[4] In the year preceding his departure he painted the Christ washing the Feet of the Apostles now at Grasse Cathedral.

In December , he took up his abode at the French Academy in Rome, then presided over by Charles-Joseph Natoire.[4]

While at Rome, Fragonard contracted a friendship with a fellow painter Hubert Robert. In , they toured Italy together, executing numerous sketches of local scenery. It was in these romantic gardens, with their fountains, grottoes, temples and terraces, that Fragonard conceived the dreams which he was subsequently to render in his art.

He also learned to admire the masters of the Dutch and Flemish schools (Rubens, Hals, Rembrandt, Ruisdael), imitating their loose and vigorous brushstrokes. Added to this influence was the deep impression made upon his mind by the florid sumptuousness of Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, whose works he had an opportunity to study in Venice before he returned to Paris in

In his Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe secured his admission to the Academy.

It was made the subject of a pompous (though not wholly serious) eulogy by Denis Diderot, and was bought by the king, who had it reproduced at the Gobelins factory. Until this time Fragonard had hesitated between religious, classic and other subjects; but now the demand of the wealthy art patrons of Louis XV's pleasure-loving and licentious court turned him definitely towards those scenes of love and voluptuousness, which are only made acceptable by the tender beauty of his color and the virtuosity of his facile brushwork; such works include the Blind Man's Bluff (Le collin maillard),[7]Serment d'amour (Love Vow), Le Verrou (The Bolt), La Culbute (The Tumble), La Chemise enlevée (The Raised Chemise), and L'escarpolette (The Swing, Wallace Collection), and his decorations for the apartments of Mme du Barry and the dancer Madeleine Guimard.

The portrait of Diderot () has recently had its attribution to Fragonard called into question.[citation needed]

A lukewarm response to these series of ambitious works induced Fragonard to abandon the Rococo style and to experiment with Neoclassicism. He married Marie-Anne Gérard, herself a painter of miniatures,[9] (–) on 17 June and had a daughter, Rosalie Fragonard (–), who became one of his favourite models.

In October , he again went to Italy with Pierre-Jacques Onézyme Bergeret de Grancourt and his son, Pierre-Jacques Bergeret de Grancourt. In September , he returned through Vienna, Prague, Dresden, Frankfurt and Strasbourg.[citation needed]

Back in Paris Marguerite Gérard, his wife's year-old sister, became his student and assistant in In , he had a son, Alexandre-Évariste Fragonard (–), who eventually became a talented painter and sculptor.

The French Revolution deprived Fragonard of his private patrons: they were either guillotined or exiled. The neglected painter deemed it prudent to leave Paris in and found shelter in the house of his cousin Alexandre Maubert at Grasse, which he decorated with the series of decorative panels known as the Les progrès de l'amour dans le cœur d'une jeune fille,[10] originally painted for Château du Barry.[11]

Reputation

For half a century or more, Fragonard was so completely ignored that Wilhelm Lübke's art history volume omits mention of his name.[12] Later re-evaluations have re-identified his position among the all-time masters of French painting.

The influence of his handling of local colour and expressive, confident brushstroke on the Impressionists (particularly his grand niece, Berthe Morisot, and Renoir) is undoubtable. Fragonard's paintings, alongside those of François Boucher, seem to sum up an era.[13]

One of Fragonard's most renowned paintings is The Swing, also known as The Happy Accidents of the Swing (its original title), an oil painting in the Wallace Collection in London.

Jean fragonard biography wikipedia The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here: Jean-Honore Fragonard history The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia : History of "Jean-Honore Fragonard" Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed. Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. Among the group he admired most were the masters of the Dutch and Flemish schools, including Rubens , Hals, Rembrandt , and Ruisdael. Fragonard was not a pupil of the Academy, yet was still allowed to enter perhaps because of Boucher's endorsement.

It is considered to be one of the masterpieces of the rococo era, and is Fragonard's best-known work.[14] The painting portrays a young gentleman concealed in the bushes, observing a lady on swing being pushed by her spouse, who is standing in the background, hidden in the shadows, as he is unaware of the affair.

As the lady swings forward, the young man gets a glimpse under her dress. According to Charles Collé's memoirs[15] a young nobleman[16] had requested this portrait of his mistress seated on a swing. He asked first Gabriel François Doyen to make this painting of him and his mistress. Not comfortable with this frivolous work, Doyen refused and passed on the commission to Fragonard.[15]

References within art and literature

Fragonard's art finds itself embedded within writer's stories, as within the text The Great Gatsby by F.

Scott Fitzgerald there is a portion in the story in which Peter L. Hays in the article "Fitzgerald and Fragonard"[17] states that Fitzgerald alludes to Fragonard's paintings both implied and explicitly. The first art piece Fitzgerald alludes to is The Swing, as the character Nick within The Great Gatsby as he describes what he sees as women swinging in Versailles while a man looks up the skirt of a woman.

The is the explicit description that Fitzgerald gives the readers as a clue that alludes to Jean-Honoré Fragonard's painting The Swing. Hays also claims that F. Scott Fitzgerald is alluding to a second painting of Fragonard which is his rendering of Etienne Maurice Falconet's "Cupid the Admonisher" in which Cupid is seen with his finger on his lips referencing the clandestine nature of what the character Nick in The Great Gatsby is looking at.

This is because the man that is seen in The Swing has a perfect view of the young woman's underside of her dress.

Octave Mirbeau's short story The Little Summer-House in the collective book "French Decadent Tales" by Stephen Romer directly references Fragonard's art pieces when an unnamed character is taken into a bathroom and is stuck between two emotions disapproval or pleasure.

Fragonard's art also finds itself within not only stories, but poems as well. The poem The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner by William Butler Yeats, in which he uses the description of a broken tree and a woman that turns her face as another allusion to Fragonard's The Swing once again,[18] as the branch the woman uses to swing on is broken and facing the viewer.

Fragonard's art finds itself in a poem passage The Waste Land written by T.S Eliot which visually depicts the "carvéd dolphin" surmounted by winged cupids in Fragonard’s Progress of Love: The Pursuit.

Fragonard is also referenced in a novel written by Milan KunderaSlowness which talks about Fragonards paintings Progress of Love, which shows the progress of love, from pursuing, love letters, and crowning the lover, which shows the slowness of pursuing a lover.

There have also been many artistic installations inspired Fragonard's work, some including actual recreations of his paintings come to life. The Swing (After Fragonard) is a exhibit that physically recreates Fragonard's The Swing, creating a real life exhibit of the famous scene of the girl swinging. Artist Yinka Shonibare CBE puts his own spin on Fragonard's work, such as using a mannequin wearing a dress made of frilly African print fabric, or choosing to not give the mannequin a head or face.

He also keeps the background a neutral white with wooden flooring, which contrasts the bright colors of the dress, and the many flowers he plants at the base of the exhibit.

  • Jean fragonard the swing
  • Jean fragonard biography pdf
  • Jean chardin

    • He keeps the flying shoe as seen in the actual painting, as well as the suggestive and upbeat pose of a girl swinging midair, ensuring that the sculpture still closely reflects Fragonard's The Swing, even with the different renditions of Shonibare. Artist Cy Twombly also references Fragonard in his painting "Untitled." He takes elements of Fragonard's work and reinterprets them in his own abstract and expressive style.

    "Untitled" is an abstract piece made up of loose and energetic lines that portray motion and vigor. The palette of Twombly's painting is close to the famous work of Fragonard in that it uses light and airy colors, while representing a sort of sexual and provocative energy.

    Work

    Main article: List of works by Fragonard

    • Jean-Honoré Fragonard

    • Jeroboam Offering Sacrifice for the Idol, , Beaux-Arts de Paris, Paris

    • Blind Man's Bluff, –, Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio

    • The See-Saw, –, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid

    • The Birth of Venus, –, Musée Grobet-Labadié, Marseille

    • The Grape Gatherer, –, Detroit Institute of Art, Detroit, Michigan

    • The Musical Contest, –55, Wallace Collection, London

    • Aurora Triumphing over Night, c.

      –56, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston[19]

    • Coresus Sacrificing himself to Save Callirhoe, , Louvre, Paris

    • Callirhoe's Sacrifice. Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, Madrid. (ricordo from the large Coresus and Callirhoë)[20]

    • The Bathers, c.

      , Louvre, Paris

    • Inspiration, , Louvre, Paris

    • Portrait of a Man, the so-called Denis Diderot, , Louvre, Paris

    • Portrait of François-Henri d'Harcourt, c. , Accademia Carrara di Belle Arti di Bergamo, Bergamo

    • The Love Letter, , Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York[21]

    • La Gimblette, c.

      , Alte Pinakothek, Munich

    • The Secret Meeting, , (former collection of Madame Du Barry), Frick Collection, New York

    • The Visit to the Nursery, c. , National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

    • A Young Girl Reading, c.

      , National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

    • The Two Sisters, after , Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York[22]

    • The Stolen Kiss, late s, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg

    • The Beautiful Servant, Nationalmuseum, Stockholm

    • The Woman With A Dog,[23] after , found in The Metropolitan Museum of Art

    • Les Débuts du Modèle Or Model's First Lesson, , found in Musée Jacquemart-André

    • Le Chat angora (c), Wallraf-Richartz Museum.

    Recent exhibitions

    • Consuming Passion&#;: Fragonard's Allegories of LoveArchived 3 March at the Wayback Machine – Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, MA, from 28 October to 21 January
    • Fragonard – Jacquemart-André Museum, Paris, from 3 October to 13 January
    • Fragonard.

      Origines et influences. De Rembrandt au XXIe siècleArchived 29 November at the Wayback Machine – Caixa Forum, Barcelona, from 10 November to 11 February

    • Les Fragonard de Besançon, Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'archéologie de Besançon, from 8 December to 2 April Official website
    • Jean-Honoré Fragonard, dessins du Louvre, Musée du Louvre, Paris, from 3 December to 8 March
    • Fragonard amoureux, Musée du Luxembourg, Paris, from 16 September to 24 January Official website
    • Fragonard’s Enterprise: The Artist and the Literature of Travel – Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, from 17 September to 4 January

    See also

    References and sources

    References

    1. ^Rosenberg, Pierre (1 January ).

      Fragonard. Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN&#;.

    2. ^Edmond and Jules de Goncourt (–). "Fragonard". L'Art du XVIIIe siècle. Vol.&#;III. G. Charpentier. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Archived from the original on 19 November Retrieved 1 June (birth/baptism certificate)
    3. ^Houël de Chaulieu, Philippe (May ).

      "L'histoire en marche; Anniversaire: Jean-Honoré Fragonard". Intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux. No.&#; pp.&#;– ISSN&#; Retrieved 9 May

    4. ^ abcHarrison, Colin (). "Fragonard, Jean-Honoré". Grove Art Online. Retrieved March
    5. ^Milam, Jennifer ().

      "Fragonard and the blindman's game: Interpreting representations of Blindman's Buff". Art History. 21 (1): 1– doi/ ISSN&#;

    6. ^"Chaumiére Italienne". . Retrieved 5 October
    7. ^Ferrand, Franck (). "Monsieur Fragonard". France Today. Vol.&#;23, no.&#;2.

      pp.&#;30– ISSN&#;

    8. ^Also known as "Roman d'amour de la jeunesse".
    9. ^Donald Posner (August ). "The True Path of Fragonard's 'Progress of Love'"(PDF). Burlington Magazine. Archived from the original(PDF) on 10 January Retrieved 21 February
    10. ^"The Project Gutenberg eBook of Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume X Slice VII - Fox, George to France".

      .

    11. ^"Fragonard, Jean-Honoré", WebMuseum, Paris. Retrieved 22 June
    12. ^Ingamells, John, The Wallace Collection, Catalogue of Pictures, Vol III, French before , , Wallace Collection, , ISBN&#;,
    13. ^ abCollé, Charles ().

      Journal et mémoires de Charles Collé sur les hommes de lettres, les ouvrages dramatiques et les événements les plus mémorables du règne de Louis XV (–). Vol.&#;III. Paris: Firmin Didot Frères, Fils et Cie. pp.&#;–

    14. ^ Although his identity was not unveiled by Collé, it has been thought that it was Marie-François-David Bollioud de Saint-Julien, baron of Argental (–), best known as Baron de Saint-Julien, the then Receiver General of the French Clergy.

      However there is little evidence for this, according to Ingamells, –

    15. ^Hays, Peter L. (May ).

      Jean fragonard biography book At the beginning of his studies, he met Hubert Robert, a fellow painter who would become his lifelong friend. In , Boucher recommended that Fragonard enter as a competitor in the Prix de Rome. His figures had an air and grace about them that no other artist of the time could rival. Privacy policy.

      "Fitzgerald and Fragonard". ANQ: A Quarterly Journal of Short Articles, Notes and Reviews. 19 (3): 27– doi/ANQQ ISSN&#;X.

    16. ^"The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner, by William Butler Yeats". .
    17. ^Aurora Triumphing over Night
    18. ^Fernando, Real Academia de BBAA de San.

      "Fragonard, Jean Honoré - El sacrificio de Caliroe". Academia Colecciones (in Spanish).

    19. The bolt (fragonard)
    20. Jean-honoré fragonard art style
    21. Where was jean-honoré fragonard born
    22. Jean honoré fragonard self-portrait

      23. Retrieved 17 March

    23. ^"Jean Honoré Fragonard | The Love Letter". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 15 March
    24. ^"Jean Honoré Fragonard | The Two Sisters". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 15 March
    25. ^" – JEAN HONORE FRAGONARD, A WOMAN WITH A DOG".

      Fashion History Timeline. 17 March Retrieved 14 March

    Sources

    Books

    Articles and webpages

    • Lajer-Burcharth, Ewa (). "Fragonard in Detail".

      Jean fragonard biography Jean Philippe Arthur Dubuffet. Jean Leray. References within art and literature [ edit ]. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.

      Differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies. 14 (3): 34– doi/ ISSN&#; S2CID&#;

    • Simon, Jonathan (). "The Theater of Anatomy: The Anatomical Preparations of Honore Fragonard". Eighteenth-Century Studies. 36 (1): 63– doi/ecs ISSN&#; S2CID&#;
    • Sheriff, Mary D. (). "Invention, Resemblance, and Fragonard's Portraits de Fantaisie".

      Art Bulletin. 69 (1): 77– doi/ ISSN&#;

    • Ferrand, Franck (). "Monsieur Fragonard". France Today. Vol.&#;23, no.&#;2. pp.&#;30– ISSN&#;
    • McEwen, J. (). "Fragonard: Rococo or romantic?". Art in America. Vol.&#;76, no.&#;2. p.&#; ISSN&#;
    • Milam, Jennifer ().

      "Fragonard and the blindman's game: Interpreting representations of Blindman's Buff".

      Jean fragonard paintings Jean, Duke of Berry. Fragonard's art finds itself embedded within writer's stories, as within the text The Great Gatsby by F. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Retrieved 17 March

      Art History. 21 (1): 1– doi/ ISSN&#;

    • Milam, Jennifer (). "Playful Constructions and Fragonard's Swinging Scenes". Eighteenth-Century Studies. 33 (4): – doi/ecs ISSN&#; S2CID&#;
    • "Cy Twombly: Untitled." The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation, Accessed 15 March
    • Tate.

      "‘The Swing (after Fragonard)’, Yinka Shonibare CBE, " Tate, 1 January ,

    Further reading

    • Dore Ashton (). Fragonard in the Universe of Painting. Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN&#;.
    • Mary Sheriff (). Fragonard: Art and Eroticism. The University of Chicago Press.

      ISBN&#;.

    • Jean-Pierre Cuzin (). Jean-Honore Fragonard: Life and Work. Complete Catalogue of the Oil Paintings. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN&#;.
    • David Wakefield (). Fragonard. London: Oresko Books.

      Jean fragonard the swing: Fragonard was sent away from home as an apprentice to a Parisian lawyer and notary in In , Fragonard made a break from that form of painting and began working in the Rococo style that was all the rage in France at the time. New York [ 22 ]. When his scholarship ended in July , he was able to obtain permission to stay on in residence until November.

      ISBN&#;.

    • Georges Wildenstein (). The Paintings of Fragonard. Phaidon.
    • Martha Richler (). "18th century". National Gallery of Art Washington A World of Art. Scala Publishers Ltd. ISBN&#;.
    • Percival, Melissa () []. Fragonard and the Fantasy Figure: Painting the Imagination.

      London, New York: Routledge. ISBN&#; &#; via Google Books.

    • Milton W. Brown, George R. Collins, Beatrice Farwell, Jane G. Mahler and Margaretta Salinger, "Jean-Honoré Fragonard" in Encyclopedia of Painting: Painters and Paintings of the World from Prehistoric Times to the Present Day, Myers S. Bernard (ed), Crown, pp–

    External links

    Media related to Jean-Honoré Fragonard at Wikimedia Commons